Friday, November 22, 2013

Sigmund Freud- Beyond the Pleasure Principle: 2013. 11. 22

9. First the chief causal factor seemed to lie in the element of surprise, in the fright; and secondly that an injury or wound sustained at the same time generally tended to prevent the occurrence of the neurosis.

Apprehension/ angst denotes a certain condition as of expectation of danger and preparation for it, even though it be an unknown one.
Fear requires a definite object of which one is afraid.
Fright is the name of the condition to which one is reduced if one encounters a danger without being prepared for it. It lays stress on the element of surprise.

32. Unconscious mental processes are in themselves 'timeless'. They are not arranged chronologically, time alters nothing in them, nor can the idea of time be applied to them.

37. The apprehensive preparation, together with the over-charging of the receptive systems, represents the last line of defence against stimuli.

These dreams are attempts at restoring control of the stimuli by developing apprehension, the pretermission of which caused the traumatic neurosis.

43. Novelty is always the necessary condition of enjoyment. However, in the case of children, it is evident that the repetition, the rediscovery of the identity, is itself a source of pleasure.

82. Life instincts have much more to do with our inner perception, since they make their appearance as disturbers of the peace, and continually bring along with them states of tension the resolution of which is experienced as pleasure; while the death instincts seem to fulfill their function unostentatiously. The pleasure principle seems directly to subserve the death instincts; it keeps guard, of course, also over the external stimuli, which are regarded as dangers by both kinds of instincts, but in particular over the inner increases in stimulation which have for their aim the complication of the task of living.

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